Lateral Bearing Capacity of a Hybrid Monopile: Combined Effects of Wing Configuration and Local Scour

Pile foundations for offshore wind turbines are subjected to large lateral loads. By mounting wings on the perimeter of regular monopiles, winged monopiles have shown better performance in resisting deformation under horizontal loading. However, hazardous effect local scour bearing capacity installed sandy seabed has not been systematically evaluated. In this study, a modified Mohr–Coulomb model considering pre-peak hardening and post-peak softening behavior dense sand is adopted simulate laterally loaded locally scoured seabed, using three-dimensional finite element analyses. The depth examined explained by soil failure mechanisms. enhancement with attached monopile demonstrated be more effective than extending pile embedment length. effects relative density wing load orientation also discussed. Finally, efficiency evaluated determine optimal configuration monopiles.